Water Mist Fire Suppression System

" A step towards saving our precious water resourse "

Highly Effective
Less Water Usage
Less Collateral Damage

We are a leading international supplier of fire fighting System & equipments and process engineering spray/automisation solutions, based at DELHI - NCR, in INDIA.

We are a reliable, flexible and innovative partner, providing high quality systems to design engineers, manufacturers and operators of buildings and transport infrastructure, machinery and equipment, as well as railway and special purpose vehicles.

We have extensive expertise in the fields of Water Mist Fire Fighting systems engineering, simulation and life cycle costs, as well as quality, project and process management, are complemented by our first class production, assembly and service facilities. Getting to know the customer's individual application allows us to offer expert advice and a cost effective solution.

We also maintain close contact with partners from research as well as fire fighting and fire protection institutions, and are always ready to meet new technological challenges.

Areas of Application

BUILDING : The use of high quality stainless steel design parts allows an efficient and architecturally sophisticated fire protection solution.

INDUSTRY : Installation of the robust and durable TRI-PARULEX High Pressure Water Mist fire fighting system / Low Pressure Water Mist System with OR without Foam additive for new or existing industrial plants increases plant availability while covering a variety of fire risks.

TUNNEL : The TRI-PARULEX High Pressure Water Mist system for tunnels is one of the core elements of modern safety equipment for minimising the potential risks in road/rail construction.

RAIL : Space and weight optimised components together with the environmentally responsible technology of TRI-PARULEX High Pressure Water Mist fire fighting systems allow space saving and sustainable installation in rail vehicles.

Water Mist System as per NFPA Standard

Water Mist Systems are characterised by relatively fine water droplets, which assist cooling by evaporative process. Some droplets get entertained to the seat of the fire by air convection, while others reach the fire from above due to high momentum imparted to them. A water spray for which the Dv0.99* for the flow-weighted cumulative volumetric distribution of water droplets, is less than 1000 microns at the minimum design operating pressure of the water mist nozzle.

*[99% of the water droplets size discharged from the water mist nozzle at its minimum design pressure is less than 1000 micron in diameter.] ( 1000 microns = 1mm )

Ordinary water sprinkler/fog Dv0.5 = 1000 – 5000 µm

Ordinary low pressure water mist Dv0.5 = 200 – 1000 µm

Intermediate pressure water mist Dv0.5 = 100 – 200 µm

Ordinary water sprinkler/fog Dv0.5 = 1000 – 5000 µm

Ordinary low pressure water mist Dv0.5 = 200 – 1000 µm

Intermediate pressure water mist Dv0.5 = 100 – 200 µm

High pressure water mist Dv0.5 = < 100 µm

Droplet Diameter	Reaction surface per litre water	Extinguishing System
1 mm	2 m²	Sprinkler System
0.1 mm	20 m²	Fine Water Spray
0.01 mm	200 m²	Water Mist

How does Water Mist Work

STEP 1 : Cooling – Radiant Heat Absorption
STEP 2 : Inerting – Oxygen depletion at the source of fire
STEP 3 : Separation and Shielding Effect

Cooling

As a consequence of the extinguishing water being split up into droplets, a reaction surface is created via which the heat from the fire is absorbed. It takes 335 kJ of energy to heat 1 litre of water from 20 to 100 0C, and an additional 2257 kJ to transform the water to steam. The larger the reaction surface is, the higher the potential cooling effect is. The smaller the mean droplet size, the more efficient the cooling effect. The smaller droplets, which will tend to fall slower than larger droplets, will have a more efficient cooling effect. The cooling effect refers to the cooling of the air and gases around a fire and not to the cooling of the fire load itself. Thus, water mist is the medium with the highest known heat absorption capacity.

Cooling Effect during an UPTUN Fire Test (Curves shows temperatures at various locations during a full scale fire test)

Oxygen Depletion

During the evaporation of the water its volume will be increased by 1640 times, which leads to a reduction of the oxygen content in the air at the source of the fire. Thus, the fire will be suffocated and it will be suppressed due to the lack of sufficient oxygen needed for the combustion process.

Note :
The reduction of oxygen content due to the formation of steam only takes place at locations where very high temperature occur. Therefore, a reduction of oxygen content will tend to occur close to the fire rather than where occupants are escaping.

Separation & Shielding Effect

Separation Effect
Water droplets that are located between the flame and fuel surface reduce the radiant heat received by the fuel surface, effectively reflecting the heat. Subsequently the burning rate reduces, and the radiant heat received by any potential fire loads in the surrounding area will reduce, decreasing the likelihood of flame spread due to this ‘separation’ effect. The ‘reflection’ effect is dependent on the sufficient generation of very small water droplets – the capacity of the effect increases with decreasing water droplet size.

Shielding Effect
As described above, the water droplets will reduce radiant heat received by surrounding objects. This ‘shielding’ effect will help to prevent fire spread and protect occupants escaping away from the fire and emergency services approaching the fire.

Water Mist System Classification

The followings provide a classification to differentiate the different system types of Water Mist System from another one by main working parameters.

Working Pressure Classification
Depending on the minimum operating pressure used by the water mist system, the following types of WMS are defined as per NFPA – 750

Minimum Working Pressure	Type of System
> 35 bar	High Pressure System
12 - 35 bar	Medium Pressure System
< 12 bar	Low Pressure System

Droplet Size Classification
Depending on the mean droplet sizes generated by the water mist system, the following types of WMS are used:

Medium Droplet Size (Dv 0.99)	Type of System
< 200 microns	Class A
200 - 400 microns	Class B
> 400 microns	Class C

Water Mist Cylinder System

Tri-Parulex Water Mist Fire Protection System can be supplied as self contained Pressure Skid Modules (PSM's). The quantity of water contained is determined by hydraulic calculations based on type and quantity of nozzles installed and the desired system running time. High pressure lined steel cylinders are used to avoid the possibility of corrosion and internal discolouration of water. Dry Nitrogen gas is used for system pressurisation.

Systematic view of Gas and Water Cylinder Arrangement

Water Mist Pump System - General Arrangement

CLOSED SYSTEM

OPEN SYSTEM

Water Mist Pump System Components

Fire water storage tank

Pumps

Plunger Type

Vertical inline multistage centrifugal Type

Nozzle heads

Open Type

Close Type

Section valves

Hosereel

Piping

High pressure water mist gun

Fire test and Simulation

PLC and SCADA

Delivery and Commissioning

Service and Maintenance

Water Mist System Activation

Water Mist Activation
T = 0 Seconds

Water Mist Activation
T = 05 Seconds

Water Mist Activation
T = 15 Seconds

Water Mist Activation
T = 30 Seconds

Water Mist Semi Fixed / Mobile Units / Equipment's
( with OR without Foam Additive)

Semi-Fixed, Electric Motor 10 HP, Water Tank 70 L

Semi-Fixed, Electric Motor 3/5 HP, Water Tank 35 L

Mobile, Gasoline Engine 13 HP, Water Tank 70L

Water Mist Fire Hose Reel Cabinet

Semi-Fixed, Electric Motor 10 HP, Water Tank 70 L

Semi-Fixed, Electric Motor 3/5 HP, Water Tank 35 L

Mobile, Gasoline Engine 13 HP, Water Tank 70L

Water Mist Fire Hose Reel Cabinet

Water Mist Cooling System

Our Water Mist Cooling Systems are a simple, inexpensive and appealing way to lower temperature by 10-12 °C outdoors and indoors without wetting in Hot and Dry Areas.

Farm House

Railway Stations

Resorts

Industry Shed

Metro Area

Poultry Farm